All posts by at39

Thoughts on Hard-Boiled Wonderland and the End of the World

First, I REALLY enjoyed this work. For a while now, I’ve been meaning to read Murakami’s works, so I’m glad I was able to read this one. It was definitely unlike anything I’d ever read before, and it caused me to reflect on how the mind works and what the subconscious is capable of accomplishing.

After reading the first few chapters, I initially thought that the Narrator in the End of the World was a reincarnation of the Narrator in Hard-Boiled Wonderland, and I guess I was kind of right. There were obvious parallels between the two, especially in regard to their attraction to the Librarians. It would’ve been interesting if the Chubby Girl also had a counterpart in the End of the World, but I don’t think she had a significant enough role in the Narrator’s mind.

At the end, I kind of wish that the Narrator would’ve followed his Shadow into the whirlpool. I think that if he had jumped, he would’ve woken up in Hard-Boiled Wonderland and been able to live out the rest of his life. However, I think the author makes the ending purposely obscure to elicit reflection by the audience and make us question what we would have done in the Narrator’s position.

Furthermore, Murakami uses techniques of other authors, and my favorite references were of those to Tolkien. When I first saw the map, I got really excited because the maps in the Lord of the Rings are iconic, and if this novel was anything like LOTR, I’d probably really enjoy it. However, the plots of each work didn’t share any apparent similarities, but the structure of the novels did. LOTR had dual stories that were separate but connected (Frodo and Sam’s journey vs. everyone else’s), and Murakami uses this technique, but his chapters alternate while Tolkien’s do not. Overall, I really liked Hard-Boiled Wonderland and the End of the World, and I’m looking forward to reading more Murakami novels in the future.

Anna Truong

DDT and the Environment in the 20th Century

DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) was a popularly used insecticide in the 1940s, first in WWII and then in agriculture. In the 1950s, it was used to combat the spread of malaria by killing mosquitoes, but this project failed in tropical regions. Its widespread usage also caused high rates of DDT resistance in mosquitoes. American scientists were concerned with the possible dangers of DDT since it first began being used, but this issue did not gain attention until Rachel Carson published Silent Spring in 1962. This book claimed that pesticides, including DDT, were causing great harm to the environment and human health. Soon after, Silent Spring garnered great public attention, ad JFK ordered the investigation of Carson’s claims. The EDF (Environmental Defense Fund) was created with the aim to ban the use of DDT, which was discovered to be toxic to marine organisms and a chief cause of the thinning of birds’ eggshells. Its comprehensive uses were banned in 1972, but DDT is still used for disease vector control. For example, DDT is sprayed on the inside walls of houses to kill or repel mosquitoes, and this method supposedly greatly reduces environmental damage.

DDT is thought to be the major cause of the decline of birds of prey like bald eagles and peregrine falcons. Egg shell thinning makes the birds more susceptible to embryo deaths and egg breakage. DDT’s are also chemically similar to estrogens and can cause hormonal changes in animals. Thus, it is believed they also damage the reproductive system and decrease reproductive success. Some speculate that DDT is carcinogenic, but the CDC reports otherwise. Additionally, there is an ongoing debate between people who oppose the use of DDT for malaria control due to environmental concerns and those who support its use in order to save more livess. Regardless, the use of DDT is frowned upon in the US and most nations, yet it is still used in controlled manners.

Cut-up

“Here today are tens of relativity, opened and a tall the understandable satisfaction of those isn’t just the door behind him their hopes fulfilled. But my thoughts who would be watching at home, to an older been able to from his pocket the flag goes by and the woman who will tell time by desk. The tall birds I don’t mean this to be sentimental. I mean humans 100 to slip through. We are all part of a continuum, inescapably.”

Anna Truong

“In a Station of the Metro”

This poem has been stuck on my mind for a while, so now I’m finally going to post about it; more specifically, the switch from the colon to the semicolon. Although this shift in punctuation may seem completely trivial, it definitely impacts my interpretation of the work. According to the Oxford Dictionary, a colon is used “between two main clauses in cases where the second clause explains or follows from the first,” whereas a semicolon is used “between two main clauses that balance each other and are too closely linked to be made into separate sentences.” Taking these two definitions into account, I think I can see why Pound made the change. In the earlier version, “the faces in the crowd” are LIKE “petals on a wet, black bough.” However, in the revised version, the faces ARE petals. The former suggests that the faces appear to be petals while the latter implies that the two are equal and the same. Therefore, I believe Pound is representing the close relationship between humanity and nature. Nature and man are on equal footing, and Pound makes his message more apparent by converting the colon into the semicolon. Since he spent 13 years contemplating this change, I’m assuming it is crucial to the interpretation of the poem, and I believe that the switch does have a significant impact on the analysis of the lines. If I had only read the more recent version, I probably could’ve guessed what Pound is conveying, but reading the earlier one definitely reinforces my beliefs. I usually don’t regard extremely short poems like “In a Station of the Metro” with much importance, but I think that the punctuation shift is worth noting, and Pound’s message is beautiful.

Anna Truong

“Charge of the Light Brigade” and “The Dead”

I read “The Charge of the Light Brigade” in my European History class in high school, and I really enjoyed it. I found our recent discussion in class interesting, but I have some differing viewpoints. First, I agree that the work is a eulogy that is meant to glorify the actions of the men who perished in combat. However, I disagree that the author is expressing the senselessness of the war. Tennyson is conveying that although the specific purposes of the war may not have been completely understood by the soldiers,  the men are willing to risk everything for the sake of their hopes, dreams, wishes, and country. To be clear, this sense of duty is not blind. The men are not aware of the exact political or strategic objectives at hand, but this is irrelevant to Tennyson’s purpose. The soldiers are willing to enter the dangerous war because they have individual, as well as nationalist, motivations. Their families and desires spur them to do everything in their power to protect the prospects of their futures, even if it means risking their lives. The battlefield might be a “valley of Death” or the “mouth of Hell,” yet the men enter it regardless.  Therefore, I view “The Charge of the Light Brigade” as a kind of nationalist piece solely meant to glorify the battle and inspire the populace.

I appreciate the contrast “The Dead” provides from the first poem.  It is notably a Shakespearean sonnet, and as a result, the diction is more melodic and poetic, and the tone is nostalgic and soothing. Even though the poem seems to be tranquil and serene, I feel that Brooke is subtly guilting and blaming society for the deaths of the soldiers. By glorifying the civilian aspect of the soldiers’ lives and exaggerating the joys of mundane occurrences, he insinuates that their deaths are meaningless. Since the men’s lives are cut short, they will never be able to experience simple pleasures such as “the stir of wonder,” “rich skies,” and “waves that dance.” At the poem’s conclusion, I feel slightly unsettled knowing that these men perished at preventable means.

Although “Charge of the Light Brigade” and “The Dead” discuss men in combat, the purpose of each are distinct. Tennyson extols the fallen soldiers in a nationalist manner, whereas Brooke suggests that promising lives are lost in meaningless wars. Determining the authors’ intents was somewhat challenging because it required noticing subtleties, but I enjoyed each poem and respect the differing perspectives.